Flintlock mechanism

China Product


History

The flintlock was developed in France in the early 1600s. Though its exact origins are not known, credit for the development of the flintlock is usually given to Marin le Bourgeoys, an artist, gunsmith, luthier (maker of stringed musical instruments) and inventor from Normandy, France. Marin le Bourgeoys's basic design became the standard for flintlocks and quickly replaced older firing mechanisms throughout Europe. Flintlock weapons based on this design were used for over two centuries, until they were finally replaced by percussion locks in the 1840s and 1850s.

Construction and operation electric turkey fryer

A "flash in the pan": gunpowder in the "pan" ignites, but fails to ignite the main powder charge in the barrel. microwave egg cooker

A typical flintlock mechanism has a piece of flint which is held in place in between a set of jaws on the end of a short hammer. This hammer (sometimes called the cock) is pulled back into the "cocked" position. When released by the trigger, the spring loaded hammer moves forward, causing the flint to strike a piece of steel called the "frizzen". At the same time, the motion of the flint and hammer pushes the frizzen back, which opens the cover to the pan, which contains the gunpowder. As the flint strikes the frizzen it creates a spark of hot metal, which falls into the pan and ignites the powder. Flame burns through a small hole into the barrel of the gun and ignites the main powder charge in the barrel, causing the weapon to fire. turkey fryer

Most hammers follow Marin le Bourgeoys's design, and have a "half cocked" position, which is the "safe" position since pulling the trigger from this position does not cause the gun to fire. From this position, the frizzen can be opened, and powder can be placed in the pan. Then the frizzen is closed, and the hammer is pulled back into the "full cocked" position, from which it is fired.

The phrase "don't go off half cocked" originated with these types of weapons, which were not supposed to fire from the half cocked position of the hammer.

Gunlocks

A gunlock was a flintlock mechanism that fired a cannon. They were a significant innovation in naval gunnery and were first used by the Royal Navy in 1745. Their use spread slowly as they could not be retrofitted to older guns - the French had still not generally adopted them by the time of the Battle of Trafalgar (1805).

The earlier method of firing a cannon was to apply a linstock - a wooden staff holding a length of smoldering match at the end - to the touch-hole of the gun, that was filled with loose, priming powder. This was dangerous and made accurate shooting from a moving ship impossible, as the gun had to be fired from the side, to avoid its recoil, and there was a noticeable delay between the application of the linstock and the gun firing.

The gunlock was operated by pulling a cord, or lanyard. The gun-captain could stand behind the gun, safely beyond its range of recoil, and sight along the gun, firing when the roll of the ship lined the gun up with the enemy and so avoid the chance of the shot hitting the sea or flying high over the enemy's deck. Loading the gun was faster and safer as the gunlock didn't use loose, priming powder, the main charge was ignited by a quill filled with priming powder that was pushed through the touch hole during loading and pierced the cartridge bag, containing the main charge of gunpowder.

After the introduction of gunlocks, linstocks were retained, but only as a backup means of firing.

Other uses

Some early land mines, or fougasses, were detonated by flintlocks. Flintlocks were also used to launch Congreve rockets .

A flintlock tinder lighter, or tinder pistol, was a device that saw use in well-to-do households from the 18th Century until the invention of reliable matches. It somewhat resembled a small flintlock pistol, but without a barrel and with a candle holder and with legs so it could be stood upright. When the trigger was pulled, the sparks from the fizzen lit dry tinder in the pan, from which the candle would be quickly lit. The device provided a quick and reliable source of light, and flame for the lighting of fires.

References

^ "Pistols: An Illustrated History of Their Impact" By Jeff Kinard, Published by ABC-CLIO, 2004

^ a b c Rodger, Nicholas (2004). The Command of the Ocean:A Naval History of Britain 1649-1815. Penguin Books. p. 420. ISBN 0140288961. 

^ British Rockets

^ "Marischal Virtual Museum". http://www.abdn.ac.uk/virtualmuseum/index.php?page=object_detail&prefix=ABDUA&num=18789&firstview=true&mt=&sign=&viewnumber=&resultsperpage=9. Retrieved 2009-06-15. 

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