Maxine Chernoff

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Works

Novels

A Boy in Winter (Crown Publishing, 1999; Harper Flamingo Australia, 2000) cook basmati rice

American Heaven (Coffee House Press, 1996), a finalist for the Bay Area Book almond fudge

Reviewers Award india basmati rice

Plain Grief (Summit, 1991; available as e-book from Previewport.com, 2001)

Short stories

Some of Her Friends That Year: New & Selected Stories (Coffee House Press, 2002), a finalist for the Bay Area Book Reviewers Award

Signs of Devotion: (stories) (Simon & Schuster, 1993) a New York Times Book Review Notable Book for 1993.

Bop, stories (Coffee House Press, 1986; Vintage Contemporaries, 1987)

Poetry

The Turning, (Apogee Press, 2008)

Among the Names, (Apogee Press, 2005)

Evolution of the Bridge: Selected Prose Poems (Salt Publications, 2005)

World: Poems 1991-2001 (Salt Publications, 2001)

Leap Year Day: New & Selected Poems (Another Chicago Press, 1990; Jensen Daniels, 1999)

Japan (Avenue B Press, 1988)

New Faces of 1952 (Ithaca House, 1985)

Utopia TV Store (The Yellow Press, 1979)

A Vegetable Emergency, prose poems (Beyond Baroque Foundation, 1976)

Editor

Selected Poems of Friedrich Hlderlin, co-translated with Paul Hoover; (Omnidawn, 2008)

New American Writing (with Paul Hoover), (1986) present)

External links

Maxine Chernoff Faculty profile page at San Francisco State University

Apogee Press - Authors

Maxine Chernoff Online Works

Poem by Maxine Chernoff at Melancholia's Tremulous Dreadlocks

New American Writing: Web site

"Add-Verse" a poetry-photo-video project Chernoff participated in

References

Categories: 1952 births | Living people | American writers | American poets | American short story writers | American novelists | Modernist women writers | People from Chicago, Illinois | Writers from Illinois | Writers from California

SAP Business Connector

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History

SAP Business Connector (also known as "SAP BC") is a re-branded version/restricted licence version of webMethods Integration Server provided by SAP as a middleware solution for their R/3 product. It was developed jointly by webMethods and SAP in a partnership which lasted from March 1999 to March 2002. webMethods contributed the Integration Server platform (including components like HTTP server & client, FTP server & client, SMTP/IMAP/POP3 client, XML processing tools, data mapping engine, job scheduler), while SAP contributed the components for RFC/tRFC, BAPI and IDoc communication and processing. These SAP components were bundled into an add-on package (called "SAP Adapter") that can be installed on top of the core Integration Server.

So technically the SAP Business Connector is a webMethods Integration Server bundled with a pre-installed "SAP Adapter". SAP customers were able to license additional adapters from webMethods (like "Baan Adapter", "JDEdwards Adapter", "Oracle Adapter", "PeopleSoft Adapter", "Siebel Adapter", etc.). These adapters would run on a wM Integration Server and an SAP BC alike, as during that time (meaning from release 2.1 to 4.6) the core platform of both products was identical. cold rolling mill

Then in March 2002 the partnership was discontinued and both companies started developing a successor version independently: SAP (who had acquired the full core Integration Server source code) started developing SAP BC 4.7, while webMethods began work on wM IS 6.0. Of course the component that changed most in SAP BC 4.7 was the "SAP Adapter", which got enhanced IDoc processing capabilities and performance improvements in the RFC communication layer. However, SAP also enhanced selected components of the core Integration Server, e.g. the job scheduler, the "Reverse Invoke" feature and the WmPartners package, which was completely redesigned. SAP tried to do these core enhancements in a backward compatible way, the only exception being the WmPartners package whose architecture had to be changed radically, because the original version had proved to be a serious performance bottleneck. Consequently most webMethods adapters developed for wM IS 4.6 or wM IS 6.0 should still run on an SAP BC 4.7, with the exception of those adapters that have a tight coupling with the WmPartners package. concrete roof tile machine

SAP BC 4.7 was released in June 2003. By that time SAP had already started development of its own integration/middleware product ("Message Broker", later renamed to "Exchange Infrastructure" (SAP XI), nowadays called "Process Integration" (SAP PI)), so the SAP Business Connector product line was frozen at version 4.7 between 2003 and 2007. Then, in summer 2007, it became more and more apparent, that the maintainability of SAP BC 4.7 was endangered, because most operating systems and Java VM versions, on which the BC depended, had gone out of maintenance. Therefore development for another release (SAP BC 4.8) was started. This version was released in July 2008 and can be seen as a maintenance update to support newer JVM's and operating systems. See SAP note 1094412. However, as was the case with SAP BC 4.7, SAP again added a number of enhancements and performance improvements to some "wM core components" as well as to the "SAP components", most notably to the worker thread pool, the database adapter, the debugging, monitoring and tracing capabilities, the RFC and IDoc processing and the "Developer" tool. cold rolling mills

In response to the split webMethods has created the webMethods for SAP as an updated (version 6.0.1 onward) product for SAP customers wishing to continue using webMethods technology for middleware/B2B integration.

Usecases and functionality

The role of the SAP Business Connector is to provide XML/web services type integration between SAP instances or from SAP to 3rd party systems/B2B (as the R/3 platform had no similar capabilities). Typical usecases include:

Exchanging data between your and your business partner's R/3 system via the internet (using HTTP(S), FTP or Email)

Accessing data sources in the internet from within your SAP system (e.g. extracting data from online catalogs)

Exchanging data with third party non-SAP systems inside or outside your corporate firewall (e.g. vendor or supplier systems, inhouse legacy systems)

Differences between SAP Business Connector and webMethods Integration Server

web administration user interface was branded with the SAP water drop logo and different colour scheme for UI

SAP BC comes with the "SAP Adapter", while on the wM IS it has to be installed separately

See also

webMethods Integration Server

References

External links

Description of SAP BC

Note 1094412 - Release and Support Strategy of SAP Business Connector 4.8 (SAP login needed)

Categories: SAP (company)

Layered intrusion

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Intrusive behavior and setting

Mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions occur at all levels within the crust, from depths in excess of 50 km to depths of as little as 1.5 to 5 km. The depth at which an intrusion is formed is dependent on several factors:

Density of the melt. Magmas with high magnesium and iron contents are denser and are therefore less likely to be able to reach the surface. toshiba digital copier

Interfaces within the crust. Typically, a horizontal detachment zone, a dense, impermeable layer or even a lithological interface may provide a horizontal plane of weakness which the ascending magma will exploit, forming a sill or lopolith. used ricoh copiers

Temperature and viscosity. As an ascending magma rises and cools, it becomes thicker and more viscous. This then restricts the magma from rising further because more energy is required to push it upwards. Conversely, thicker magma is also more efficient at forcing apart the wall rocks, creating volume which the magma may fill. used ricoh copier

Intrusive mechanisms

It is difficult to precisely determine what causes large ultramaficmafic intrusives to be emplaced within the crust, but there are two main hypotheses: plume magmatism and rift upwelling.

Plume magmatism

The plume magmatism theory is based on observations that most large igneous provinces include both hypabyssal and surficial manifestations of voluminous mafic magmatism within the same temporal period. For instance, in most Archaean cratons, greenstone belts correlate with voluminous dyke injection as well as usually some form of larger intrusive episodes into the crust. This is particularly true of a series of ultramafic-mafic layered intrusions in the Yilgarn Craton of ~2.8 Ga and associated komatiite volcanism and widespread tholeiitic volcanism.

Plume magmatism is an effective mechanism for explaining the large volumes of magmatism required to inflate an intrusion to several kilometres thickness (up to and greater than 13 kilometres). Plumes also tend to create warping of the crust, weaken it thermally so that it is easier to intrude magma and create space to host the intrusions.

Rift magmatism

The presence of large layered complexes in Greenland such as the Skaergaard intrusion which are not related to mantle plumes indicate other processes can form these intrusions. Here, the large magma volumes which are created by mid-ocean ridge spreading allow the accumlation of large volumes of cumulate rocks. The problem of creating space for the intrusion is easily explained by the extensional tectonics in operation; extensional or listric faults operating at depth can provide a triangular space for keel-shaped or boat-shaped intrusions such as the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe, or the Narndee-Windimurra Complex of Western Australia.

Plume magmatism is supported in some intrusions by geochemistry. In particular the Noril'sk-Talnakh intrusions are considered to be created by plume magmatism and other large intrusions have been suggested as created by mantle plumes. However, the story is not so simple, because most ultramafic-mafic layered intrusions also correlate with craton margins, perhaps because they are exhumed more efficiently in cratonic margins because of faulting and subsequent orogeny.

It is also quite likely that what we see as a cratonic margin today may have been created by the action of a plume event initiating a continental rifting episode; therefore the tectonic setting of most large layered complexes must be carefully weighed in terms of geochemistry and the nature of the host sequence, and in some cases a mixed mechanism can be possible.

Causes of layering

The causes of layering in large ultramafic intrusions include convection, thermal diffusion, settling of phenocrysts, assimilation of wall rocks and fractional crystallization.

The primary mechanism for forming cumulate layers is of course the accumulation of layers of mineral crystals on the floor or roof of the intrusion. Rarely, plagioclase is found in cumulate layers at the top of intrusions, having floated to the top of a much denser magma. Here it can form anorthosite layers.

Accumulation occurs as crystals are formed by fractional crystallisation and, if they are dense enough, precipitate out from the magma. In large enough and hot enough magma chambers, where vigorous convection currents form, pseudo-sedimentary structures such as flow banding, graded bedding, scour channels, foreset beds and other usually sedimentary features can be created by convection and settling processes. The Skaergaard intrusion in Greenland is a prime example of these quasi-sedimentary structures.

Whilst fractional crystallisation is the dominant process, it can be triggered in the magma body by assimilation of the wall rocks. This will tend to increase the silica content of the melt, which will eventually prompt a mineral to reach the liquidus for that magma composition. Note also that assimilation of wall rocks takes considerable thermal energy, so this process goes hand in hand with the natural cooling of the magma body. Often, assimilation can only be proven by detailed geochemistry.

Often, cumulate layers are polyminerallic, forming gabbro, norite and other rock types. The terminology of cumulate rocks, however, is usually used to describe the individual layers as, for instance pyroxene-plagioclase cumulates.

Monominerallic cumulate layers are common. These may be economically important, for instance magnetite and ilmenite layers are known to form titanium, vanadium deposits such as at Windimurra intrusion and hard-rock iron deposits (such as at Savage River, Tasmania). Chromite layers are associated with platinum-palladium group element (PGE) deposits, the most famous of these being the Merensky Reef in the Bushveld Igneous Complex.

The central section or upper sections of many large ultramafic intrusions are poorly layered, massive gabbro. This is because as the magma differentiates it reaches a composition favouring crystallisation of only two or three minerals; the magma may also have cooled by this stage sufficiently for the increasing viscosity of the magma to halt effective convection, or convection may stop or break up into inefficient small cells because the revervoir becomes too thin and flat.

Examples

Bushveld igneous complex, South Africa

Dufek intrusion, Antarctica

Duluth Complex, northeastern Minnesota, United States

Giles complex intrusions central Australia

Great Dyke, Zimbabwe

Kiglapait intrusion, Labrador, Canada

Lac des les igneous complex, Ontario, Canada

Muskox intrusion, Northwest Territories, Canada

Skaergaard intrusion of east Greenland

Stillwater igneous complex, southwestern Montana, United States

Windimurra intrusion, West Australia

See also

Cumulate rocks

Definition of ultramafic

Mantle plume

Continental rift

List of rock types

Igneous rocks

Fractional crystallization

References

^ a b Blatt, Harvey and Robert J. Tracy, 1996, Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic, 2nd ed., pp. 123132 & 194197, Freeman, ISBN 0-7167-2438-3

Blatt, Harvey and Robert J. Tracy, 1996, Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic, 2nd ed., pp. 123-132 & 194-197, Freeman, ISBN 0-7167-2438-3

Ballhaus, C.G. & Glikson, A.Y., 1995, Petrology of layered mafic-ultramafic intrusions of the Giles Complex, western Musgrave Block, central Australia. AGSO Journal, 16/1&2: 69-90.

External links

Overview of Finnish Layered Intrusions

Overview of Monche Tundra Intrusion, Russia

Categories: Economic geology | Layered intrusions | Petrology

Trevor Cherry

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Playing career

Huddersfield Town

Born in Huddersfield, England, Cherry joined his hometown club Huddersfield Town as part of the groundstaff in July 1963 as a 15-year-old from the Huddersfield YMCA, before signing a full-time professional contract in 1965. He quickly established himself as a useful and inspirational defender who could play anywhere across the back line. Cherry helped Huddersfield win the Second Division title in the 196970 season as captain. They were relegated after two seasons in the top flight and Cherry left for local rivals Leeds United. natural bee pollen

Leeds United organic bee pollen

Cherrylong with team-mate Roy Ellamarned a dream move along the M62 in 1972 when Leeds paid 100,000 to Huddersfield for his services. With the veteran Jack Charlton at the point of retirement, Leeds manager Don Revie needed to find someone to step readily into his defence for when Charlton quit. organic royal jelly

Cherry ended up playing both alongside and instead of Charlton in his first season but was predominantly at left back, with the continued absence of broken leg victim Terry Cooper further depleting Revie's defensive resources. By the end of the season Cherry had amassed 38 League appearances and was selected by Revie for the 1973 FA Cup final.

The game was eventful for Cherry, as it was his first final. The other ten Leeds players who started the match had all played in the win over Arsenal twelve months earlier. Cherry was easily the most inexperienced player in the Leeds team but although the side as a whole played disappointingly, Cherry did not.

A defender always winning to join in the attack, Cherry played his part in what would become one of the FA Cup's most famous moments in that Wembley final. Leeds were a goal down to opponents Sunderland midway through the second half when Cherry made a late run to meet a long cross from Paul Reaney with a vicious flying header which was heading for the far corner. Sunderland goalkeeper Jimmy Montgomery made a fine save but pushed the ball into the path of Peter Lorimer, whose goalbound shot was somehow saved by a swiftly recovering Montgomery, turning the goalkeeper into an icon of his club and the FA Cup as a whole. Sunderland held on and Cherry would never win the FA Cup.

He did, however, win the League championship with Leeds in 197374, as the team went on a record 29-match unbeaten run at the start of the season to make sure the title would be theirs. Again, Cherry spent much of the season at left back.

1975 was a mixed year for Cherry. Injury curtailed half of his season, but he recovered in time to help Leeds in their European Cup campaign as it progressed towards the semi finals and a game against Barcelona. Cherry marked Dutch legend Johan Cruyff out of each leg as Leeds reached the final, but after missing subsequent League matches through suspension, manager Jimmy Armfield did not recall him for the final in Paris against Bayern Munich, which Leeds lost 20.

In 1976, Cherry became Leeds captain after Billy Bremner left and won his first England cap, his own career progressing on a personal level as Leeds United's standards as a club started to slip. Most of the side which Revie had put together prior to his departure for the England job in 1974 were either leaving or just ageing, and Leeds no longer found themselves forcing issues in any of the major club competitions. At the end of that season, Cherry also scored the only goal in the final game played between the English and Scottish leagues at Hampden Park.

Cherry continued to play for Leeds until 1982, the year that the club were relegated under the management of his former team-mate Allan Clarke, exactly ten years after Cherry had suffered the same fate with Huddersfield.

In 2000, Cherry was voted the 30th best Leeds United player by its fans.

Bradford City

Cherry played three months of Second Division football before leaving for another neighbouring club, Bradford City where he became player-manager. He played for three years until he hung up his boots to concentrate on management. His final game in football was City's 20 win against Bolton Wanderers on 6 May 1985 which captured the Division Three title.

International career

Cherry won his first English cap on 24 March 1976 against Wales.

He became only the third England player to receive his marching orders in an international, when he was sent off against Argentina in 1977. He remains the only England player to be sent off in a friendly. Cherry lost two teeth after being punched in the mouth by Daniel Bertoni, who Cherry had felled with a nasty tackle from behind; Bertoni also received a red card.

He maintained his England career through the rest of the 1970s even after his mentor Revie left the job, but England did not qualify for the 1978 World Cup.

When England finally did qualify for a major tournament - their first in ten years - Cherry made the squad of 22 which travelled to Italy for the 1980 European Championships. His input on the pitch was limited, however, to a single substitute appearance against Spain in a group game. England were knocked out of the tournament at the same stage. It was to be his final cap.

Cherry made a total of 27 international appearances, including four as substitute. He was also captain for his penultimate cap against Austria in 1980.

Management career

Cherry was manager of Bradford City during its most turbulent era. He took over from Roy McFarland in the season following the team's promotion from the Fourth Division in 1982. Six months later the club almost closed after it fell into receivership in June 1983, before Cherry successfully secured promotion to the Second Division in 198485, as Bradford City won the Third Division league title and with it Cherry the Third Division manager of the season award. Cherry's own personal and on-field success paled into utter insignificance when the Valley Parade ground was devastated by fire during the final game of the season on 11 May 1985. The fire took 56 lives. The subsequent appeal to raise money for the bereaved families and injured supporters raised more than four million pounds, and Cherry was among the mourners at many funerals.

An ardent Cherry oversaw City's nomadic times, finishing 13th in 1986 whilst alternating between Odsal Stadium, Bradford and his former stomping grounds of Elland Road, Leeds and Leeds Road, Huddersfield. City's first league game back at Valley Parade was 19 months after the fire on 26 December 1986 against Derby County. However, with the previously homeless team struggling on the field, Cherry was sacked two days after the club's second home game back at the new stadium, on 5 January 1987, following a 00 draw with Birmingham City, a result that saw the club in the relegation zone. He was replaced later that month by Terry Dolan.

Post-football

After he was sacked by Bradford City, Cherry gave up football in general for a number of years. He now runs a promotions and hospitality company in Huddersfield, a waste paper company and a five-a-side football centre. In 2004 he also made a bid to buy into Leeds United.

He was also given an honorary degree by the University of Huddersfield in November 2005.

He is married with two sons and a daughter.

Honours

Playing career

Division One: 197374 (with Leeds United)

Division Two: 196970 (with Huddersfield Town)

Division Three: 198485 (as player-manager) (with Bradford City)

Management career

Division Three: 198485 (as player-manager) (with Bradford City)

References

^ Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988. Breedon Books Sport. p. 92. ISBN 0907969380. 

^ ScottishLeague.net FAQs

^ TheFA.com, England statistics' to fire England quest

^ Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988. Breedon Books Sport. p. 81. ISBN 0907969380. 

^ Telegraph & Argus, Clever Trevor is mixing his business with leisure

^ Yorkshire Post, Yorkshire trio's future on line

^ BBC News, University honour for soccer star

External links

England career profile

Trevor Cherry management career stats at Soccerbase

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England squad UEFA Euro 1980

1 Clemence  2 Neal  3 Sansom  4 Thompson  5 Watson  6 Wilkins  7 Keegan  8 Coppell  9 Johnson  10 Brooking  11 Woodcock  12 Anderson  13 Shilton  14 Cherry  15 Hughes  16 Mills  17 McDermott  18 Kennedy  19 Hoddle  20 Mariner  21 Birtles  22 Corrigan  Coach: Greenwood

v  d  e

Bradford City A.F.C. Managers

Campbell (190305)  O'Rourke (190521)  Menzies (192126)  Veitch (192628)  Foster (1928)  O'Rourke (192830)  Peart (193035)  Ray (193537)  Westgarth (193843)  Sharp (194346)  Barker (194647)  Milburn (194748)  Steele (194852)  A. Harris (1952)  Powell (195255)  Jackson (195561)  Brocklebank (196164)  B. Harris (196566)  Watson (196667)  Hair (196768)  McAnearney & Hallett (1968)  Wheeler (196871)  Wilson (1971)  Edwards (197175)  Kennedy (197578)  Napier (1978)  Mulhall (197881)  McFarland (198182)  Cherry (198287)  Dolan (198789)  Yorath (198990)  Docherty (199091)  Stapleton (199194)  Lawrence (199495)  Kamara (199598)  Jewell (19982000)  Hutchings (2000)  McCall (2000)  Jefferies (200001)  Smith (2001)  Law (200203)  Atherton, Jacobs, Wetherall and Windass (joint caretakers) (2003)  Robson (200304)  Todd (200407)  Wetherall (2007)  McCall (200710)  Jacobs (2010)  Taylor (2010)

Categories: 1948 births | People from Huddersfield | Living people | English footballers | Huddersfield Town F.C. players | Leeds United A.F.C. players | Bradford City A.F.C. players | England international footballers | UEFA Euro 1980 players | English football managers | Bradford City A.F.C. managers