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Robert Bolt
Born
Robert Oxton Bolt15 August 1924(1924-08-15)Sale, Cheshire, England
Died
21 February 1995 (aged70)Petersfield, Hampshire, England
Spouse(s)
Celia Ann Roberts (1949-1967)Sarah Miles (1967-1976)Ann Zane (1980-1985)Sarah Miles (1988-1995)
Awards won
Academy Awards
Best Adapted Screenplay1965 Doctor Zhivago1966 A Man for All Seasons
BAFTA Awards
Best British Screenplay1962 Lawrence of Arabia1966 A Man for All Seasons
Golden Globe Awards
Best Screenplay1965 Doctor Zhivago1966 A Man for All Seasons1986 The Mission
Tony Awards
Best Author of a Play1962 A Man for All SeasonsBest Play1962 A Man for All Seasons
Other awards
NYFCC Award for Best Screenplay1966 A Man for All Seasons
Robert Oxton Bolt, CBE (15 August 1924 21 February 1995) was an English playwright and a two-time Oscar winning screenwriter.
Contents
1 Career
2 Partial list of plays
3 Screenplays
4 Reputation
5 Bibliography
6 Footnotes
7 External links
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Career
He was born in Sale, Cheshire, England. It was at Manchester Grammar School where his affinity for Sir Thomas More developed. He attended Manchester University, and after war service Exeter University. For many years he taught English and history at Millfield School and only became a full time writer at the age of 33 when his play The Flowering Cherry was staged in London in 1958, with Celia Johnson and Ralph Richardson.
Although he was best known for his original play A Man for All Seasons - a depiction of Sir Thomas More's clash with King Henry VIII over his divorce from Catherine of Aragon - which won awards on the stage and in its film version, most of his writing was screenplays for films or television.
Bolt was known for dramatic works that placed their protagonists in tension with the prevailing society. He won great renown for A Man for All Seasons, his first iteration of this theme, but he developed it in his existential script for Lawrence of Arabia (1962). In Lawrence, he succeeded where several before him had failed, at turning T. E. Lawrence's Seven Pillars of Wisdom into a cogent screenplay by turning the entire book on its head and making it a search for the identity of its author. Lawrence, by Bolt, is presented as a misfit both in English and Arab society.
It was at this time that Bolt himself fell foul of the law and was arrested and imprisoned for protesting nuclear proliferation. He refused to be "bound over" (i.e, to sign a declaration that he would not engage in such activities again) and was sentenced to one month in prison because of this. The producer of the Lawrence film, Sam Spiegel, persuaded Bolt to sign after he had served only two weeks. Bolt later regretted his actions, and did not speak to Spiegel again after the film was completed. Later, with Doctor Zhivago, he invested Pasternak's sprawling novel with some sense of narrative and the characteristic Bolt dialogue - human, short and telling. The Bounty was Bolt's first project after a stroke, which affected not only his movement, but his speech. In it, Fletcher Christian takes the "Lawrence" role of a man in tension with his society who in the process loses touch with his own identity. The Mission was Bolt's final film project, and once again represented his thematic preoccupations, this time with 18th century Jesuits in South America. Bolt's final produced script was Political Animal, later made into the TV movie Without Warning: The James Brady Story (1991), about the attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan and the struggles of his press secretary, James Brady, to recover from a near-fatal gunshot injury he received in the process. Bolt was initially reluctant to make the film, but after meeting with Brady he felt he could relate to Brady's struggles with a cerebral injury; thus, a lot of his own experiences recovering from his stroke found their way into the script.
Robert Bolt was married four times, twice to the actress Sarah Miles. His first wife was Jo Riddett, who divorced him in 1963; she became a successful novelist. In the early '80s he had a short-lived marriage to Ann Queensbury. He had four children: Sally (who died in a car crash in 1982), Ben (who later became a film and television director), Joanna, and Tom (who battled heroin addiction as a young adult before becoming a successful watchmaker). He suffered a heart attack and a stroke which left him paralysed in 1979. He died aged 70, in Petersfield, Hampshire, England following a long illness. He had been appointed CBE in 1972.
Partial list of plays
Bolt wrote several plays for BBC Radio in the '50s, as well as several unproduced plays, so this list is incomplete. Many of his early radio plays were for children, and only a few (see below) were adapted for the stage.
The Last of the Wine (1956) - A...(and so on)
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