China Product
Parts of single point mooring
There are four parts in the total buoying system: the body of the buoy, mooring and anchoring elements, product transfer system and other components.
Buoy body rubber inflatable boat
The buoy body usually is supported on static legs attached to the seabed, with a rotating part above water level connected to the (off)loading tanker. The two sections are linked by a roller bearing, referred to as the "main bearing". The moored tanker can freely weathervane around the buoy and find a stable position due to this arrangement. bombard inflatable boats
Mooring and anchoring parts inflatable kayak boat
Moorings fix the buoy to the seabed. Buoy design must account for the behaviour of the buoy given applicable wind, wave and current conditions and tanker sizes. This determines the optimum mooring arrangement and size of the various mooring leg components. Anchoring points are greatly dependent on local soil condition.
Mooring components
Anchors or piles to connect the mooring to the seabed.
Anchor chain
Chainstoppers to connect the chains to the buoy
Manpower
Hawser arrangement
A tanker is moored to a buoy by means of a hawser arrangement. Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) standards are available for mooring systems.
The hawser arrangement usually consists of nylon rope, which is shackled to an integrated mooring uni-joint on the buoy deck. At the tanker end of the hawser, a chafe chain is connected to prevent damage from the tanker fairlead. A load pin can be applied to the mooring uni-joint on the buoy deck to measure hawser loads.
Hawser systems use either one or two ropes depending on the largest size of vessel which would be moored to the buoy. The ropes would either be single leg or grommet leg type ropes. These are usually connected to an OCIMF chafe chain on the export tanker side (either type A or B depending on the maximum size of the tanker and the mooring loads). This chafe chain would then be held in the chain stopper on board the export tanker.
A basic hawser system would consist of the following (working from the buoy outwards):
Buoy Side Shackle and bridle assembly for connection to the padeye on the buoy; Mooring Hawser Shackle; Mooring Hawser; Chafe Chain Assembly; Support Buoy; Pick-up / Messenger Lines; Marker Buoy for retrieval from the water.
Under OCIMF recommendations, the Hawser Arrangement would normally be purchased as a full assembly from a manufacturer.
Product transfer system
The heart of each buoy is the product transfer system. From a geostatic location, e.g. a pipeline end manifold (PLEM) which is located on the seabed, this system transfers products to the offtake tanker.
The Basic product transfer system components are:
Flexible subsea hoses, generally referred to as isers
Floating hose string(s)
Product swivel, valves and piping
Risers
The risers are flexible hoses and connect the subsea piping to the buoy. Configuration of these risers can vary depending on water-depth, seastate, buoy motions, etc.
Product swivel
The product swivel is the connection between the piping in the geostatic parts and the rotating parts of the buoy.The swivel enables the offloading tanker to rotate with respect to the mooring buoy. Product swivels range in size depending on the size of attached piping and risers. Product swivels can provide one or several independent paths for fluids, gases, electrical signals or power. Swivels are equipped with a multiple seal arrangement to minimise the possibility of leakage of product into the environment.
Floating hose string
Floating hose string(s) connect the buoy to the offloading tanker. The hose string can be equipped with a breakaway coupling to prevent rupture of hoses and subsequent oil spills.
Other components
Other Components of SPMs are:
Boat landing, providing access to the buoy deck
Fendering to protect the buoy
Lifting and handling equipment to aid materials handling
Navigational aids for maritime visibility
An electrical subsystem to enable valve operation and to power navigation aids or other equipment.
Major agencies connected with SPMs
Bluewater Energy Services BV.
Single Buoy Moorings Inc.
SOFEC Marine Terminal.
Subsea Oil and Gas Direcory.
Categories: Petroleum technology | Water transport infrastructureHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from January 2009 | All articles lacking sources
Tuesday, May 18, 2010
Single buoy mooring
Suning: quality and service at low prices to build a new chain - Suning, home appliance chain, information appliances - Network Appliance Industry-hc360 HC
China Product
??
Suning
green sarong
Deep in the fifth anniversary of the visit to Su Ning, general manager of Shenzhen Tian Rui
minimal coverage swimwear
wholesale beach toys
Stationed at Suning, before living in Guangdong, the country's largest
Home Appliances
Production base in Shenzhen who is not entitled to benefits proximity and easier. Shenzhen high price of home appliances, home appliances to the Shenzhen people are at
Consumption
Island. Now, after several rounds of household appliances retail end of the fierce trial of strength, Shenzhen people used to enjoy such as large retail Suning Appliance Chain to provide low-cost high quality products and home appliances
Service
.
Therefore, the development of Suning in Shenzhen, Shenzhen is actually a home appliance chain industry's development. Recalling the development of each of the footprints can clearly came out with the rapid development of Shenzhen, home appliance chain industry track. In price competition, service competition and brand competition five years, as the fine chain to create Web services in Shenzhen brand entrants, Suning Appliance Chain Store Industry in Shenzhen also in the development of more and more powerful. Suning will soon enter into the deep in the fifth anniversary, reporters, general manager of Shenzhen Tian Rui Su Ning.
Injection of fresh blood home appliance chain
2001 11 17, Shenzhen, home appliance industry a great day?? The first overseas large home appliance chain store Suning
Electrical
Stationed in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, home appliance chain opened a prelude to dynamic change. June 28, 2003, Su Ning, Shenzhen, the first concept of integrated appliances 3C popular hypermarket store opened Nanshan, August 16, 2003, Suning Huaqiang Shenzhen store grand opening to another boil, October 1, 2006, Suning Huaqiang North flagship store opening, completely laid Suning Appliance Chain in Shenzhen in the unshakable leadership.
Can be said that Suning stationed in Shenzhen Pengcheng appliance industry on the rise to an raging waves. Suning stationed in Shenzhen Huaqiang North, in particular, making shop opening Huaqiang Suning success among the core business district, breaking down just a balanced pattern of Shenzhen appliances, home appliance industry led to reshuffle the cards again. Also
Business
Believe that not only the deep Suning Appliance Industry to inject new blood in Shenzhen, but also promote other economic development.
From 3C to 3C + appliance consumption patterns
Suning Shenzhen has its first brought the 3C model. 3C model (household appliances,
Computer
,
Communication
) Represents a truly integrated home appliance business, home appliance business into the third era, the arrival of Suning Shenzhen into the information appliance era.
According to Tian Rui, this year "11" golden weeks, Huaqiang North Suning flagship store by opening the machine, first made in Shenzhen, 3C + concepts, to further improve the quality of service Suning, "demonstrate the perfect digital life to achieve personal digital dream, for the consumer to create a home digital age. "With the large business area, to air conditioning, refrigerator, washing machine,
TV
, Sound,
Small appliances
, Communications, computers, digital and dozens of thousands of 3C products in digital technology to bring consumers dazzling life. Latest and most complete 3C digital products are in different solutions to meet consumers from
Business
To leisure, entertainment, personal needs, the first to experience and enjoy digital home happy.
Suning promote the brand, the environment, style, services, and go 3C fine line in Suning stores, the communications, IT products significantly enhance the promotional efforts, pushing
Home Appliances
, Computer, communications 3C concept, the concept of universal 3C, leading home appliance trend fashion trends. In addition, the gradual return of traditional home appliances under low, IT digital, communications products increased share of new appliances to support the traditional point of Suning opened up a new mode of thinking, for a time, Shenzhen, large and small home appliances shopping malls follow suit.
Build brand new standard service
Along, Suning flagship brand, price, service three trump card. "Sincere, Suning service" is the longstanding Su Ning, Su Ning, the pursuit of customer satisfaction is the only objective, "professional, thorough, efficient, friendly, standard" is Suning service models.
Tian Rui said,
400 million units CRT 5-year updating of LCD TV sales increase 30% annually - LCD TV, CRT TV - household appliances
China Product
< BR> 2009 China
LCD TV
The overall market sales of 21.668 million units, compared with 80.5% growth in 2008, ductless heat pump system
Sell window swamp cooler
Amounted to 86.75 billion yuan, up 50.6% over the previous year. air foamposite one
<BR> Investigation Agency CBIResearch recently released a report, in
Appliances to the countryside
, Trade-in and a series of policy implications of expanding domestic demand, domestic LCD TV market fast. Expected end of 2010, China's LCD TV sales in the retail market will exceed 29 million units, will continue to grow over 30%. The LCD TV hot behind the lower prices are also important factors gradually.
<BR> TCL
, Hisense, Skyworth LCD TV sales have increased 200% domestic
<BR> TCL chairman Li Dongsheng said that in 2009, TCL has sold 8.42 million LCD TVs, representing substantial growth in 2008 of 101%. "From the global market, China's fastest growing market, an increase of 215% . "Li Dongsheng stressed that in 2010, TCL's
LCD
TV will maintain high growth and "in particular the Chinese market"; and by 2012, TCL LCD TV shipment goal will be 15 million units.
<BR> The first half of last year, Hisense
Flat Panel TV
141% sales growth, including domestic flat TV sales increase of close to 200%. Hisense semi-annual report showed that first half of 2009, Hisense TV revenues 6.866 billion yuan, up by 23.79%.
<BR> 2009, the Skyworth the domestic LCD TV sales target for the year to mention to mention, from 480 million to 550 million upgrade. "Last year, we expect to sell their no so well." Skyworth Group Vice President,
TV
Yang Dongwen division president, said the current national CRT (cathode ray tube, CRT TV) ownership in more than 400 million units, replacement of an enormous market.
<BR> Hold on the market confidence, not only is the domestic color TV enterprises.
Sony
Company plans its 2010 fiscal year sales of LCD TVs increased by 50% over the previous year, to 2,300 million units. Sony expects fiscal 2009 sales of 15 million LCD TV sets. The LGDisplay KwonYoung-soo, chief executive stressed that the strong market demand this year, and there are new products, the LCD industry is unlikely to oversupply.
<BR> DisplaySearch's latest forecast shows that by 2009, demand for LCD TVs up to 127 million units, compared to 1.05 million units in 2008 increased by 21%, estimated global 2012 sales of LCD TVs will reach 188 million units, annual growth rate 15%, while the average annual growth rate of China's market is as high as 29%. DisplaySearch expects, LCD industry profits will be higher than this year's 81 billion U.S. dollars in 2009 grew 6% to 86 billion U.S. dollars.
<BR> Credit Suisse analyst KennyLau appliance industry, said, there were 400 million units of CRT is in use, but is expected to end 2015, 400 million units of CRT will be changed to LCD. This basis, the annual growth in LCD sales will 26%.
<BR> LCD continued to rise in China's largest manufacturer of glass substrate plant
<BR> Optimism on the LCD market also affected the upstream vendors??? The world's largest glass manufacturer Corning Inc. has announced that employees in China to expand investment scale. The program funded 400 000 000 -7 100 million U.S. dollars in China to set up the glass melting plant, the project is expected to implement this year. This will be the first in China Corning glass substrate production facilities, supply to the domestic flat-panel manufacturers. In addition, maintaining the same number of employees, while the United States, Corning also plans to expand the number of employees in China.
<BR> Currently used in the global LCD TV, 60% of glass produced by Corning.
Retail perspective: not the same as low-cost state - chain, channel - HC network appliance industry-hc360
China Product
Wal-Mart China VS United States
2004, the British Hoogewerf to veterans Huang Guangyu of GOME, China on its well-developed rich charts and proudly said: "Last year we find China's Bill? Gates (Netease Ding Lei), this year We also find China's Sam? Walton. " However, strictly speaking, Huang Guangyu, and Sam? Walton, Gome and Wal-Mart, in its inner aspects of philosophy and state are quite different, although we know that both rely on cheap tactics and chain model building from its vast business empire. big wheels tricycle
The success of competent lamborghini toy cars
Gome in China two decades the rapid development of unique home appliance industry. 10 years, China has a very strong domestic demand for home appliances, household appliances industry developed rapidly, profits have been higher, but manufacturers increasingly competitive, "dogs fight, play off," direct-to-business customers on the possession of natural advantages of natural . Huang Guangyu of the home appliance industry is to seize the "right place", puerile, while a large number of the development of chain stores, and gradually implement a unified brand and image of the logo, uniform purchase, unified distribution, unified management and unified capital settlement of the "five reunification" to major vendors, a leading Chinese home appliance retailers. It can be said Huang Guangyu greater success is that it follows the external environment, seize the home appliance industry Yetai conversion (from traditional malls to stores) in good time. As we know, Wal-Mart is relying on its own internal strength more. Although Wal-Mart is still the most powerful signs of "everyday low price", but this is only appearance, the real core competence lies in its excellent logistics and distribution logistics (inventory replenishment) capacity and management ability to attract loyal customers, and can always as one to uphold. go kart toy
Wal-Mart in the development process, the formation of a lot of unique things. Such as its famous three core values (respect for the individual, customer service and create success), "rule of three meters Smile" (whenever a customer walked into around 3 meters, the staff must be greeted with) and the "sunset rule" (any employee or customer requirements, should be resolved before sunset the day). Wal-Mart to adhere to customer-centered, seeking to enhance its internal capacity, which through the delegation of authority to the partner to maintain technological superiority and partners, customers and suppliers to build loyalty over competitors. That Wal-Mart is not alone but together drive the development of many industries. In other words, it is more like a aircraft carrier, the security around the haunted countless ships and planes.
Contrast, the United States and other countries some of the domestic retail giants continue to swallow the small fish like shrimp and whales grow up quickly between the two is not that I live you die. Some will state the mode of operation the United States summed up: the first with a strong voice to the weight of the profits of upstream suppliers is very low, low price strategy disdain for the same industry; re-use suspension of stagnation pressure are paying money to obtain short term financing provider to put other industries ; last rapid expansion followed, with beautiful results and the listing qualifications, misappropriating into a new round of expansion. Can be said that the country simply to the product or the price the United States as the center, which makes the country the United States too much emphasis on the benefits of scale, Wal-Mart did not pay attention to stress the team as the customer information and consumer tendency to grasp the changes in the exchange and so on, from the nearly two years, the uproar of the "National U.S. expulsion of Gree incident" and "Samsung's bitter struggle against the US-China incident" can be seen.
Because of their advanced management concepts and management, Wal-Mart became the world's most powerful companies. Economists estimate that the low U.S. inflation rate in recent years to a large extent, thanks to Wal-Mart; 2004 Wal-Mart purchases goods from China worth 18 billion U.S. dollars, more than total U.S. imports from China 10%. We can say that because of Wal-Mart is a healthy all-round development of the giant, so the scale will consolidate its position, not weakened its power. Glass said that Wal-Mart CEO, Wal-Mart never do that jump forward and then back to their offerings do, it is a step by step and steady growth from the inside and outside their own. However, we can see today is because of expansion and the expansion of self-confidence, the country has diversified the U.S. had already begun, such as real estate, and audio-visual industry, and in this process of expanding, the country still has much to U.S. founding enhance the management level, foster the integrity of the system and culture, walking is the "leap forward" after the way back to their offerings. Herein the risk is no different from walking rope.
Present, although the Chinese home appliance retailers in the highly competitive first-tier cities, but because of the second and third tier cities the competition has not started too, which determines the Gome and Suning Appliance monopoly, there are many other sweet fruit to eat. But in the end, China's home appliance market will form a small chain of several parity pattern of full competition, to the price when Ruozai want to win, I am afraid not so easy.
Monday, May 17, 2010
Most complaints Zuifan quality appliances - electronic appliances, household electrical appliances - household appliances industry-hc360 HC Network
China Product
City Council baked the first quarter of consumers
Complaints large ceiling medallion
Indications?? decorative wall molding
decorative crown molding
Quality home appliances most complaints Zuifan
Recently, the City Council baked the city for a quarter of the situation analysis of consumer complaints. The report shows that all categories of complaints, the home
Electronic
Most electrical kind of complaints, a total of 64, 32.65% of total complaints; the nature of the problem of consumer complaints, product quality problems are most annoying, a total of 150, 76.53% of total complaints.
It is understood that the entire first quarter, the city organization at all levels of CC handled 196 consumer complaints, resolved 196 to address 100%. Economic loss for consumers save 130,700 yuan, will not accept three, receiving visitors, receiving counseling 764 people.
appliances "lead" the first complaints with the majority of complaints related to quality
Report, all complaints issues by category: Household Electrical and Electronic Class 64, 32.65% of total complaints; domestic machinery 6, 3.06% of total complaints; Stores category 59 of the total complaints 30.10%; Housing
Decoration
Building 17, 8.67% of total complaints; agricultural means of production, class 4, 2.04% of total complaints;
Service
Class 35, 17.86% of total complaints; other categories, 11, 5.62% of total complaints.
Complaints at all home appliances, communication products focus on the quality of the complaints of complaint. According to reports, this quarter, the Consumer Council received 38 such complaints, accounting for household appliances class quality of 62.35%, while the main problem is the substandard quality of products; do not have the manual or
Sell
Officers described the effectiveness of performance; product safety hazards exist; after-sales service is poor; maintenance result is not satisfactory so.
The other hand, complaints by the nature of the problem: the quality of 150 total complaints, 76.53%; security 3, 1.53% of total complaints; price of 23, 11.73% of total complaints; measured 3, 1.53% total complaints;
Marketing
Contract 2, 1.02% of total complaints; other 11 cases, 5.62% of total complaints.
vigilance of these goods and services
Is clear from the report shows that the highest quality goods on all issues first. City Council responsible person said, the quality of this quarter, 150 complaints, although a slight decrease over last year, but it also reflects the new problems, it is more prominent is the mobile phone
Clothing
Footwear, leather goods, food, laundry, room and board and other types of complaints as a new trend.
garments, hats, leather goods, 23 cases of quality complaints, accounting for the quality merchandise categories 46.94% of complaints. Main question is: clothing bleaching, shrinking; footwear open plastic, open line, off the end of bleaching; leather cracking, peeling.
Case??
2 10th, for a President to Suining City at a large mall to buy a certain brand of bags, price 1,200 yuan, and discovered that the package has a gap, and demand a replacement, the replacement process, because a salesperson for their bad service, consumer who refused to accept demands the return of a salesperson does not agree to return. Consumers in the case of very angry, complained to the City Council, City Council received a complaint, immediately notify the mall staff responsible for complaints, after investigation, the consumer reflect the true situation and the organization of both mediation and In mediation, the mall is sincere and active apologized to consumers and to refund 1,200 yuan, the consumer satisfaction.
Quality Complaints 5 Laundry, accounting service class quality of 41.67%. To complaints of clothing damaged, string color, dyeing, bleaching, shrinkage, deformation, loss and other difficulties.
Case??
2009 12 4, a south branch of the Consumer Complaints Council to shehong said: October 2009 to two women's coats are sent to a dry cleaners dry cleaning, take clothes were found in a clothes button wash, the other was washed deformation, we asked re-wash, the results can not be restored.
Actroid
China Product
Technology
Internal sensors allow Actroid models to react with a natural appearance by way of air actuators placed at many points of articulation in the upper body. Early models had 42 points of articulation, later models have 47. So far, movement in the lower body is limited. The operation of the robot's sensory system in tandem with its air powered movements make it quick enough to react to or fend off intrusive motions, such as a slap or a poke. Artificial intelligence possessed by the android gives it the ability to react differently to more gentle kinds of touch, such as a pat on the arm.
The Actroid can also imitate human-like behavior with slight shifts in position, head and eye movements and the appearance of breathing in its chest. Additionally, the robot can be "taught" to imitate human movements by facing a person who is wearing reflective dots at key points on their body. By tracking the dots with its visual system and computing limb and joint movements to match what it sees, this motion can then be "learned" by the robot and repeated. butterfly wind chime
The skin is composed of silicone and appears highly realistic. The compressed air that powers the robot's servo motors, and most of the computer hardware that operates the A.I., are external to the unit. This is a contributing factor to the robot's lack of locomotion capabilities. When displayed, the Actroid has always been either seated or standing with firm support from behind. stained glass wind chimes
The interactive Actroids can also communicate on a rudimentary level with humans by speaking. Microphones within those Actroids record the speech of a human, and this sound is then filtered to remove background noise - including the sounds of the robot's own operation. Speech recognition software is then used to convert the audio stream into words and sentences, which can then be processed by the Actroid's A.I. A verbal response is then given through speakers external to the unit. indoor wind chimes
Further interactivity is achieved through non-verbal methods. When addressed, the interactive Actroids use a combination of "floor sensors and omnidirectional vision sensors" in order to maintain eye contact with the speaker. In addition, the robots can respond in limited ways to body language and tone of voice by changing their own facial expressions, stance and vocal inflection.
Models
The original Repliee Q1 had a "sister" model, Repliee R1, which is modeled after a 5-year-old Japanese girl.
More advanced models were present at Expo 2005 in Aichi to help direct people to specific locations and events. Four unique visages were given to these robots. The ReplieeQ1-expo was modeled after a presenter for NHK news. To make the face of the Repliee Q2 model, the faces of several young Japanese women were scanned and the images combined into an average composite face.
The newer model Actroid-DER2 made a recent tour of U.S. cities. At NextFest 2006, the robot spoke English and was displayed in a standing position and dressed in a black vinyl bodysuit. A different Actroid-DER2 was also shown in Japan around the same time. This new robot has more realistic features and movements than its predecessor.
In July 2006, another appearance was given to the robot. This model was built to look like its male co-creator, roboticist Hiroshi Ishiguro, and named Geminoid HI-1. Controlled by a motion-capture interface, Geminoid HI-1 can imitate Ishiguro's body and facial movements, and it can reproduce his voice in sync with his motion and posture. Ishiguro hopes to develop the robot's human-like presence to such a degree that he could use it to teach classes remotely, lecturing from home while the Geminoid interacts with his classes at Osaka University.
Actroid timeline
Date
Development
2003 November
Actroid is unveiled at the International Robot Exhibition.
2004 January
Model "Actroid ReplieeQ1" developed at Osaka University.
2004 December
"Actroid ReplieeQ1-expo" developed for Expo 2005 in Aichi.
2005 March
"Actroid-expo" models shown at the 2005 Expo; three at help booths, another on stage as an emcee. (Image:)
2005 June
"Actroid-DER" (Dramatic Entertainment Robot) rental-only model introduced.
2005 July
Ishiguro research team develops the "Actroid ReplieeQ2" at Osaka University.
2006 July
Geminoid HI-1 produced in the image of Hiroshi Ishiguro.
2006 October
"Actroid-DER2" units available.
2008 October
Release of the "Actroid-DER3" units.
Spring 2010
Actroid will enter the market, being sold for $20,000 at select stores in Japan.
See also
Robotics portal
Android
Gynoid
ASIMO
EveR-1
Hubo
Humanoid robot
RealDoll
TOPIO
Uncanny valley
Virtual Woman
References
MacDorman, Karl F.; Ishiguro, Hiroshi (2006). "The uncanny advantage of using androids in social and cognitive science research" (pdf). Interaction Studies 7 (3): 297337. ISSN 15720373. http://www.macdorman.com/kfm/writings/pubs/MacDorman2006AndroidScience.pdf. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
Jacquemin, Christophe (2005-08-22). "'Repliee', ou l'inexorable marche vers le robot androde?" (in French). Le Monde. http://automatesintelligent.blog.lemonde.fr/automatesintelligent/2005/08/repliee_ou_line.html#repliee5. Retrieved 2008-05-25. (Google translation)
Christensen, Bill (2005-06-28). "New robot looks strikingly human". LiveScience. http://www.livescience.com/technology/050628_real_robot.html. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
Whitehouse, David (2005-07-12). "Japanese develop 'female' android". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4714135.stm. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
Schaub, Ben (2006-10-12). "Meet my android twin". New Scientist. http://www.newscientisttech.com/channel/tech/mg19225731.200-meet-my-android-twin.html. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
Hornyak, Tim (2006-07-20). "Meet the remote-control self". Wired. http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/07/71426. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
External links
Android Science (video), Discovery Channel, 24 March 2005[dead link]
Kokoro Company's Actroid website in English (contains "engrish", can be difficult to understand for English speaking persons)
The Actroid at NextFest 2006 at YouTube
A report with video from the Ishiguro Robot Lab (from www.simonlaub.dk)
Robot Watch article on new Actroid-DER2 (In Japanese with pictures and video clips)
National Geographic news article
Categories: Humanoid robotsHidden categories: All articles with dead external links | Articles with dead external links from April 2009
Obvious gap between China's valve industry urgently enhance innovation capability
China Product
In recent years, China's valve industry, the development of faster, but still low overall level of the industry, products with low technological content, and many key parameters of high valve also imported. Some experts estimate that the level of our valves, compared with foreign advanced countries to 10 to 20 years behind. Not long ago, China's valve industry, to strengthen the valve manufacturing industry and the European exchanges, has organized more than 10 domestic enterprises had had valve trip to Europe, learned a lot of valuable experience of foreign counterparts, while the valve industry compared with foreign , also see our own shortcomings.
Process gaps
In the welding process, the German company to meet the nuclear-KSB valve sealing material against radiation, and has been widely used in special welding of cobalt-free solder powder; France Wieland will preheat valve, automatic welding, after welding treatment in the same equipment or processing production line with a complete, whether before welding, welding, after welding, handling, temperature control can be achieved to ensure the welding quality. tire wheel barrow
The welding on domestic technology behind the valve, and some also use old-fashioned welding, welder low level of technology, the solder material is also common materials, special valve design reach. Many enterprises engaged in production and sales all day, very few improvements in the technique on studying. fork lift tires
In forging the use of new technology, the German company KSB valve material to high temperature alloy steel F91, F22-based, while the high-pressure valve Youyi forgings mainly to ensure the reliability and economy. On the volume below the valve 600Lb greater use of forging and welding, the valve is not caused by casting porosity, loose, and many other defects, and greatly reduce the waste of free forging materials, economy greatly improved. used forklift forks
The domestic industry mostly valve rough pieces of multi-casting, forging the little used in the following high pressure valves 600Lb forging more easy to find. This regard, many enterprises in order to reduce costs, mostly by steel casting, low pressure cast iron pieces and more low-cost materials and processing technology is simple.
Quality management and equipment gaps
France Bernard electrical device company sales of 300 million yuan in 2005, exports accounted for 70% of sales, the establishment of a global sales network, our industry, papermaking, water treatment and oil and gas pipeline valves extensive use of the Denso Corporation products. In the nuclear field, their supply is ranked second in the world, France has 70 nuclear power plants to use their products. Their management is in place, the company recorded a single with the parts machining parts with circulation, production sites neat, clean, two assembly lines in order to work. They use screw machining roll, high efficiency, high surface finish parts. After processing, the parts cleaning in a timely manner, the location appliance applied correctly, such as the axis of each set in a plastic bag, very simple but very useful to avoid the collision between parts scratch. Parts of the painting with the domestic similar way, but because of its smooth and rough excellent quality paint, spray paint the future products, the appearance of effectiveness and quality is very good.
In contrast, the domestic quality management are still shortcomings, first of all more or less ignored in the process, many businesses have quality assurance system obviously can play no part in practical work but the quality management implementation up their own way, arbitrary; Second, in the assembly process is sloppy. No wonder some of the valve installed on the emergence of a run, run, drip, drain phenomenon.
Another example is a lot of production equipment, backward country, has remained in the last century the level of 70 to 80 years, some equipment had a life long period, also at full capacity, processing quality, how can guarantee? Some limited funds, also have been buying a digital control and processing center, but the formation of NC processing enterprises are not many in the industry so far, only about 20%.
Process management gaps
France Wieland Equipment layout process by product line were, in order to achieve the shortest processing line, so the operator can be in the range of motion within the smallest workpiece. They used a lot of five-axis machining centers and even flexible machining center, CNC milling machines and CNC machine tools, the computer-aided manufacturing a line, the product in a clamping device, once programmed. Programming can be even remotely in the office, so that simplifies the machining process, engineering and technical personnel as long as the program code is good, use appropriate tools, we can guarantee the product's processing requirements, and to product quality and high efficiency.
Tong Yang, the new Italian company Liucheng Billund features are: Jiedao order Hou, Kai Fa center into the design, Tigong product's design drawings, Wai outsourcing agreement details, Ji Xie processing procedures Jishu documents, through an internal Wangluochuanshu Daogexiangguan Bumen , the production department in accordance with technical requirements and sales orders to organize production. Blank into the plant, the Kuguan officers under the production plan will be blank and the other parts of the parts sent to the processing, assembly sites, not all of them produce their own, many are purchasing. But they almost all product components are completed in the NC equipment, processing accuracy, processing efficiency is very high. Staff in the operation of CNC machining equipment, processing platform can be access to parts diagrams and parts processing procedures, he requested only by processing the workpiece clamping to the numerical control device, start processing, you can automatically cars, drilling, milling, boring and other machining processes.
And many domestic enterprises do not professional valve, small but complete, the product mix, processing valve disorder, irrational processing equipment workshop, parts and components stacked not concentrate. Currently widely used piece-working hours, but also the disadvantages, unreasonable work hours, most still use the original hand-record aggregate settlement. It is because of some restrictions on business process management, leading to the low level of product technology, processing delay, raw material waste.
In addition, the internal mechanical processing equipment process layout are mostly arranged by type of equipment, furnishings, such as machining centers, horizontal on a row, standing on a row, put a row of CNC machine tools, such arrangements only consider to the site tidy, without considering the ease of operation, labor productivity is low, its head.
