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Dunorlan Park is a park and grounds in Royal Tunbridge Wells, UK.
Totalling approximately 78 acres (31 hectares)[1] and containing a 6-acre (24,000m2) lake, the grounds were landscaped by Robert Marnock for Henry Reed, the merchant and philanthropist who owned the estate and the now-demolished house that once overlooked it.
Current map of Dunorlan Park
Contents
1 History
1.1 Dunorlan is Built
1.2 Robert Marnock's Influence
1.3 Henry Reed's Departure
1.4 Dunorlan during World War II
1.5 Dunorlan open to the public
1.6 Dunorlan House Fire
1.7 Modern History
2 Restoration Project
2.1 The Friends of Dunorlan Park
3 Main Features of the Park
3.1 The Chalybeate Spring
3.2 The Terrace
3.3 Dunorlan Water System
3.3.1 The Lake
3.3.2 The Cascade
3.3.3 The Water Fountain
3.4 The Grecian Temple
3.4.1 The Dancing Girl
3.5 Victoria Cross Grove
4 Flora in Dunorlan
4.1 Tree Donation
5 Awards
6 References
7 External links
//
History
Dunorlan is Built
Diagram of Dunorlan House from the 1871 Sales Brochure[2] (courtesty of Tunbrige Wells Museum)
First record of the land is under the name of Burnthouse or Calverly Manor Farm which appears on a Tunbridge Wells map produced by John Bowra in 1738. After the death of the owner, a Mr Thomas Panuwell, in 1823, the farm was purchased by a land developer called John Ward, who intended to build a 1,000-acre (4.0km2) Calverly Estate to rival the lower village of Tunbridge Wells which was centred around the spring in the Pantiles.[3]
Henry Reed (painted in 1870)
However, in the 1850s the farmhouse and lands were purchased by Henry Reed who was the driving force behind the park as it stands today. Mr Reed demolished the house that stood on the grounds and built his own mansion, completed in 1862, which he named Dunorlan. In a sale brochure of 1871/2 the mansion was described as "a most elegant and substantial mansion, erected ... entirely of Normandy stone, in the Italian style of architecture, finished throughout in the most perfect manner, and in every way adapted for the comfort and enjoyment of a nobleman or gentleman of fortune".[2] However, Mr Reed was "not at all satisfied with the house"[4] on its completion and during its construction "he was not at all satisfied with the plan. The architect, however, said that his reputation was at stake and he would not have anything altered"[4]. As his family grew, he decided to pull down part of the building and erect a new wing. The 1881 Census (the house at this point now belonging to the Collins family) shows the house to have operated with 11 servants [5], a testament to its size.
To complement the house the surrounding fields were landscaped and formed into a park under the direction and design of Robert Marnock, one of the leading landscape designers of his day. These grounds were often used by Henry Reed in his evangelical pursuits, and during his last few years there he invited local Reverends to hold open air services under the fine beech trees on the lawn, with over 500 invitations to attend sent to the local gentry.[4]
The avenue leading from the fountain to the Grecian temple (courtesy of Tunbridge Wells Museum)
Robert Marnock's Influence
In designing the grounds of Dunorlan, Marnock adhered to his guiding principle of "harmony with nature"[6]. The lake was adapted to form a "fine ornamental sheet of water"[3] and a "luxuriant avenue of deodoras and douglas picea, leading from a Grecian temple to a handsome stone basin and fountain".[3]
Henry Reed's Departure
Despite the huge expense and time invested in Dunorlan, Henry Reed moved to Harrogate in 1870 and Dunorlan was put up for sale, with an original sales brochure remaining in the Tunbridge Wells museum today.[2] The cause of this move is attributed by his widow (Mrs Margaret S.E Reed) to the fault some Christian people in England found with him because of the house.[4] However, it proved difficult to find a buyer with two auctions being aborted in 1871 and 1872. Despite the favorable depictions of the property in the sales brochure (as quoted above), others viewed the mansion far less favourably, with a servant of the house describing it as "an architectural monstrosity (which) represented everything one might expect from a man with too much money and too little taste".[6] Eventually it was sold to Brenton Halliburton Collins, a banker from Halifax, Nova Scotia and on his death, it was inherited by his son, Carteret Fitzgeral Collins who subsequently died in 1941. At this point the house fell vacant before being requisitioned for the war effort on 15 May 1941.
Dunorlan during World War II
Originally the mansion built by Reed was used to house troops,...(and so on)
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